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After the atomic bombing on August 9, 1945, a cloud of smoke rose in Nagasaki. (Photo credit- CNN)
Japanese organization Nihon Hidankyo has been awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace this year. He has been given this honor for campaigning against nuclear weapons in the world. This organization includes those who survived the nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in the Second World War. These are called Hibakusha.
These hibakusha share their suffering and painful memories around the world through the Nihon Hidankyo organization. The Nobel Committee said that one day these people who suffered nuclear attacks will no longer be with us, but the new generation of Japan will continue to share their memories and experiences with the world and remind them how dangerous nuclear weapons are for the world.
The picture is of members of Nihon Hidankyo organization.
Organization formed after testing hydrogen bombs The Nihon Hidankyo organization was founded in 1956 during the Second World Conference against atomic and hydrogen bombs. America had tested hydrogen bomb in 1954 and a World Conference was started in 1955 to protest against it.
Even after almost 10 years of the nuclear attacks in 1945, the victims did not receive any help from America. The US military had banned the victims from speaking or writing anything about the nuclear attacks.
Since its inception, the organization has sent groups of hibakusha (victims) to different parts of the world to educate the world about the terrible damage and human suffering caused by nuclear weapons. The organization has sought to ensure that no more hibakusha are created anywhere in the world, and that the world can become 'nuclear weapon-free'.
Nuclear attack took place on Hiroshima and Nagasaki 80 years ago
The Chamber of Industry and Commerce building in Hiroshima was the closest to the epicenter of the atomic bomb dropped on August 6, 1945. After the attack it was left unrepaired as a reminder of the incident.
On August 6, 1945, at 8:15 pm, America dropped an atomic bomb from the Alona Gay plane on the city of Hiroshima, Japan. It exploded after being in the air for 43 seconds. Immediately after this, a big ball of fire arose and the surrounding temperature reached 3000 to 4000 degrees Celsius.
The explosion caused such strong wind that within 10 seconds the blast spread throughout Hiroshima. Within a few minutes of the blast, 70 thousand people had died. Three days after this attack, America also dropped an atomic bomb on Nagasaki. This bomb was named Fat Man. The name of the bomb that fell on Hiroshima was Little Boy.
Weighing 4500 kg, the Fat Man was filled with 6.5 kg of plutonium. The bomb exploded in Nagasaki at around 11:02 pm. More than 40 thousand people died in this attack. After the nuclear attack, Japan surrendered and the Second World War ended.
Nargis, who was in Iran's jail, received the Nobel Prize.
In 2023, Iranian female journalist and activist Nargis Mohammadi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. She received this prize for fighting for women's freedom and their rights. The Nobel Committee had announced the Peace Prize with the slogan of the women of Iran – People-Life-Azadi.
51 year old Nargis is imprisoned in Awan jail of Iran. He has been arrested 13 times so far. After her last arrest, Nargis was sentenced to 31 years in prison and 154 lashes.
In an interview given to The New York Times in June 2023, Nargis had said that she had not seen her children for 8 years. He last heard the voices of his twin daughters Ali and Kiana in 2022.
In the picture, Nobel Prize winner Nargis Mohammadi is seen with her twin daughters Ali and Kiana.
Till now 112 people have received Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize was started in 1901. Till now 112 people and 30 organizations have received this honour. Mahatma Gandhi was not given the Nobel Peace Prize even after being nominated 5 times. Questions have been raised on this many times.
In 1937, Jakob Worm-Muller, who was an advisor to the Nobel Prize Committee, had said – Gandhi is a freedom fighter, idealist, nationalist and dictator. He sometimes appears to be a messiah, but then suddenly becomes a common leader. He was not always one to favor peace. He should have known that some of his non-violent campaigns against the British would turn into violence and terror.
After this report of Jacob, the committee decided not to give the Nobel Prize for Peace to Mahatma Gandhi. This was not the only occasion, even after this Gandhi was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize four times in 1938, 1939, 1947 and 1948. However, every time his name was removed.
Gandhi did not get Nobel due to India-Pakistan partition in 1947
When the country became independent after 8 years in 1939, once again the demand for giving Nobel to Gandhi was raised. In 1947, three people together nominated Gandhi again for the Nobel Peace Prize. That Nobel Prize Committee had shortlisted 6 people for this honour, in which Gandhi's name was also there.
Although the report of Jens Arup Seip, who was an advisor to the Nobel Committee at that time, praised Gandhi, he was not considered fully deserving of this honor. A major reason for this was the India-Pakistan partition.
3 out of 5 members present in the Nobel Committee were in favor of the fact that this award could not be given to Gandhi amid partition and riots. At the time of partition, Gandhi, who was roaming around the country appealing to stop the riots, once again missed the Nobel. The Nobel Prize of 1947 was given to the Quaker organization.
Bapu was murdered 2 days before the last date of Nobel nomination.
In 1948, a total of 6 people nominated Gandhi for the Nobel Peace Prize. The advisors and members of the committee seemed to be in favor of awarding the Nobel Prize to Gandhi. But Mahatma Gandhi was assassinated 2 days before the last date of nomination for the award.
Now the question was that even if he is given this honor posthumously, to whom will the prize money go? Actually, Gandhi did not work for any organization nor had he declared any heir.
In such a situation, the Nobel Prize Committee, on the advice of its advisor, decided not to give this peace prize to anyone in 1948. According to the official website of the Nobel Prize, the committee had then said that no living person is worthy of this honor this year.
3 such personalities, who won Nobel following Gandhi's footsteps
The Nobel Prize Committee never gave this honor to Mahatma Gandhi, but there are not one but 3 people who worked considering Mahatma Gandhi as their inspiration and later they also received the Nobel Prize…
Nelson Mandela: Gandhi is a role model for me
The first name that comes in this series is that of the Father of the Nation of South Africa, Nelson Mandela. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993 for his contribution in eradicating apartheid from South Africa.
Nelson Mandela was greatly influenced by Gandhi's ideology. He considered Gandhi as his role model. Mandela once said in his speech – I can never reach the standard that Mahatma Gandhi has set for love, simplicity and morality towards the poor. Gandhi was a man who had no weaknesses, but that is not the case with me.
In the first picture, Nelson Mandela, in the second picture, Martin Luther King Jr. and in the third picture, Dalai Lama are seen receiving the Nobel Prize.
Martin Luther King Jr.: Gandhi explained the importance of non-violence
American activist Martin Luther King Jr. was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. At that time he was the youngest person to receive this honour. He was given the Nobel Prize for leading the civil rights movement and his efforts to end racial discrimination through non-violence.
Martin Luther visited India in 1959. Then he met Gandhi's sons. Later Martin wrote – Gandhiji has been a guide for me. It was through Gandhiji that Martin realized that non-violence was a powerful weapon in the fight for freedom.
Dalai Lama: My Nobel tribute to Gandhi
The 14th Dalai Lama of Tibet was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1989. He received this honor for fighting to protect the history and culture of Tibet and trying to find a peaceful solution to it.
After winning the award, Dalai Lama had said – This honor is my tribute to Mahatma Gandhi. He was a person who suggested the path of non-violence for change. His life teaches and inspires me a lot. Dalai Lama once said – Gandhiji is an inspiration for me. He is an ideal politician who placed his belief in the spirit of philanthropy above all personal considerations.
According to Dalai Lama- Today the world needs Gandhi's thoughts and his teachings on non-violence. I always consider myself a follower of Gandhiji. If I get a chance to meet him today, I will first touch his feet and seek blessings.
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